Climate & Environment

Observed Rainfall

Historical observed rainfall at dekad (10-day), monthly, and seasonal timescales — including total, long-term mean, and SPI.


Overview

The Observed Rainfall module provides retrospective precipitation observations at three timescales:

  • Dekad (10-day) — Data aggregated every 10 days.
  • Monthly — Calendar-month totals.
  • Seasonal — Aggregated over multi-month seasons.

Data Layers

  • Total — Observed rainfall in mm.
  • LTM (Long-Term Mean) — Climatological average for the same period, used as the reference baseline.
  • SPI (Standardised Precipitation Index) — A statistical measure of rainfall deficit or surplus relative to the long-term distribution. Negative SPI values indicate drought conditions.

Interpreting SPI

SPI ValueCategory
≥ 2.0Extremely wet
1.5 to 1.99Very wet
1.0 to 1.49Moderately wet
-0.99 to 0.99Near normal
-1.0 to -1.49Moderately dry
-1.5 to -1.99Severely dry
≤ -2.0Extremely dry

Data Source

Observed rainfall data is sourced from GeoTIFF rasters (FTP) and processed with zonal statistics. Files are stored under media/geodata/rain/observed/.